What is meant by 'job description'?

A job description is a formal document that outlines the essential functions, responsibilities, and duties associated with a specific position. It serves as a comprehensive guide for both employers and employees, detailing what is expected from someone in that role. The job description typically includes information about the job title, the reporting structure, qualifications required, skills needed, and the tasks that the employee will be required to perform.

Having a clear and detailed job description is crucial for several reasons. It helps in attracting the right candidates during the hiring process, sets clear expectations for current employees, and provides a basis for performance evaluations and assessments. A well-constructed job description can also aid in aligning the employee's work with the organization's overall goals.

The other choices do not capture the completeness and specificity typically associated with a standardized job description. A casual overview lacks the detail necessary for understanding the full scope of a position, while an unofficial document created by employees does not provide the formal, legal, and organizational framework required for effective HR management. Similarly, a record of achievements pertains to performance tracking and personal accomplishments rather than outlining job duties and responsibilities.