Which Act prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin?

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is the landmark legislation that prohibits employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. This Act was a significant step in the civil rights movement and aimed to eliminate various forms of discrimination in the workplace and other public settings.

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act specifically addresses employment discrimination, making it illegal for employers to refuse to hire, fire, or discriminate in any employment-related decisions based on these protected characteristics. In addition to employment settings, the Act also applies to education, public accommodations, and federally funded programs, reinforcing the principle of equality and ensuring that all individuals have the right to fair treatment.

The other Acts listed serve different purposes: the Equal Pay Act focuses exclusively on equal pay for equal work between men and women; the Age Discrimination in Employment Act protects individuals who are 40 years of age and older from discrimination in the workplace based on age; and the Americans with Disabilities Act prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in various areas, including employment. Thus, while each of these Acts addresses important issues related to discrimination in the workplace, the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is specifically designed to cover a broader range of discriminatory practices based on fundamental personal characteristics.