Which law requires employers to provide equal pay for equal work regardless of gender?

The correct answer is the Equal Pay Act of 1963, which mandates that employers must offer equal pay for equal work to all employees, regardless of gender. This law was designed to eradicate wage disparities that were prevalent at the time based on gender, ensuring that men and women receive the same compensation when performing the same job duties under similar conditions. The Act specifically defines "equal work" as work that requires substantially similar skill, effort, and responsibility performed under similar working conditions.

In the context of this question, the other options do not directly address pay equality based on gender. Title IX primarily focuses on preventing gender discrimination in educational programs and activities, especially those that receive federal funding. The Fair Labor Standards Act focuses on minimum wage and overtime pay regulations but does not specifically address gender-based pay equality. The Family and Medical Leave Act pertains to the rights of employees to take leave for family and medical reasons without fear of losing their job, which also does not specifically relate to equal pay for equal work. Thus, the Equal Pay Act of 1963 stands out as the relevant piece of legislation concerning pay equality between genders.